The Mongol Invasion of Arabian Islamic regimes between the 13th century and the 16th century, destroyed Islamic administrative powers expanding in western Europe through Spain, touching France. Since the 8th century, Arabia had taken parts of far western Africa in Morocco and Spain, fighting crusader states [Papacy], who had been commissioned under Jewish Kingdoms.
The marked cities of Bukhara and Samarkand fell by the armies of Genghis Khan [The Great Khan] in 1220. By the year 1221, the Persian cities of Merv, Nishapur, and Balkh had been leveled. The Mongols uprooted Muslim Mosque systems, replacing them with Khanite regimes and took many other valuable centers by 1253.
The Muslim rebellion armies in 1221, at the Battle of Parwan, in present-day "Afghanistan", had there their only short lived victory. The Muslim Army though was led by Jalal Al-din, the son of another Central Asian Ruler, who had come from "other" Central Asian Invasions of the Middle-east. The Mongol Army devastated Jalal's troops in Afghanistan later that year, ending retaliations in that region.
With much of the Arab resistance to the Mongol Armies already down, the Mongols then swept through the Persian city of Isfahan, which fell in 1237, allowing the gradual move to the renown city of Baghdad, which was the Muslim center of the "Abbasid Caliphate". [see: Mongol Invasion of Baghdad 1258].
The Fall of Islamic Baghdad 1258
The destruction of Baghdad City in 1258 was aimed at the "Caliphate", and fell relatively in one battle. The Caliph Musta'sim was captured and then killed, and the 500 year old Abbasid Dynasty was violently and quickly ended.
Iraq and Persia, then under Mongol control, then moved towards Syria and Egypt. Syria was under the protection of Ayyubid, a descendant of Saladin, who was at arms with Crusaders on the Syrian Coast. The Mongol army took Syria and defeated both forces, with Aleppo and Damascus falling within one month of each other in 1260.
The Christians who did not take up arms with Mongols saw them as "The Saviors", however the Catholics did not as they were removed from the middle-east. The Mongols being favored by Non-Catholics, many Christian cities were over looked [not Catholic cities though]. After The Fall of Damascus, The Invasion of Egypt was halted by the death of the Great Khan Mangku in Mongolia.
The marked cities of Bukhara and Samarkand fell by the armies of Genghis Khan [The Great Khan] in 1220. By the year 1221, the Persian cities of Merv, Nishapur, and Balkh had been leveled. The Mongols uprooted Muslim Mosque systems, replacing them with Khanite regimes and took many other valuable centers by 1253.
The Muslim rebellion armies in 1221, at the Battle of Parwan, in present-day "Afghanistan", had there their only short lived victory. The Muslim Army though was led by Jalal Al-din, the son of another Central Asian Ruler, who had come from "other" Central Asian Invasions of the Middle-east. The Mongol Army devastated Jalal's troops in Afghanistan later that year, ending retaliations in that region.
With much of the Arab resistance to the Mongol Armies already down, the Mongols then swept through the Persian city of Isfahan, which fell in 1237, allowing the gradual move to the renown city of Baghdad, which was the Muslim center of the "Abbasid Caliphate". [see: Mongol Invasion of Baghdad 1258].
The Fall of Islamic Baghdad 1258
The destruction of Baghdad City in 1258 was aimed at the "Caliphate", and fell relatively in one battle. The Caliph Musta'sim was captured and then killed, and the 500 year old Abbasid Dynasty was violently and quickly ended.
Iraq and Persia, then under Mongol control, then moved towards Syria and Egypt. Syria was under the protection of Ayyubid, a descendant of Saladin, who was at arms with Crusaders on the Syrian Coast. The Mongol army took Syria and defeated both forces, with Aleppo and Damascus falling within one month of each other in 1260.
The Christians who did not take up arms with Mongols saw them as "The Saviors", however the Catholics did not as they were removed from the middle-east. The Mongols being favored by Non-Catholics, many Christian cities were over looked [not Catholic cities though]. After The Fall of Damascus, The Invasion of Egypt was halted by the death of the Great Khan Mangku in Mongolia.
Posted in: World Studies
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