Before 1863 many Colonial Euro-Christians were neutral in Maori Wars and were protected by Opposing Maori, Allied Maori, and Neutral Maori regions, unable to be bothered or touched while campaigns raged forward. After some New Zealand townships began fearing the Maori Wars growing around them, escalating into their own backyards, the Colonial church leaders began to waver in their neutral stances temporarily favoring Auckland and Allied Maori.
Also around 1863 the British Imperials started recruiting a type of "off-the-record militia" (The Forest Rangers) to carry out illegal operations because of the British losses in several major battles, and the King's army's reputation was attempted to be publicly saved, giving dogs-work to the unofficial combatant.
As reports were brought into Opposing Maori in Waikato and Kingite Maori regions that some Church alliances were to betray a Trust-pact, and bush-tact War by the Brits were to begin taking action, a new Maori movement inflamed. Inadvertently the British change-of-tact into extremism war tactics had created a dangerous Anti-Pakeha (Anti-European) hate movement.
Historian "According to several NZ historians the movement was a crazed version of gospel. It though was no crazier than any other religion teaching that men walk on water, or that Gods have reincarnated versions of themselves. Te Ua was hated and regardless of his reputation as a prophet or a false prophet (depends on who is writing the history), the fact is he and his small counsel of low funds started a formidable campaign that made political quakes in the Maori Wars"
The new Pai Marire Movement moved quickly through the Northern regions with one historian calling it a type of "Maori Religious Renaissance", creating a Maori faith to empower campaigns. The Maori faith converted western and eastern religious ideals using them to build on older Maori traditional theologies. The movements quickly became modern Maori Theology used in sermons and secret meetings.
The HauHau in 1864 were seen by Pakeha as the beginning of a Maori Purge, summoning up a type of Maori Inquisition within racially diverse settlements. In 1865 the HauHau still preached unlimited prosperity for Maori followers and the victory of "The Maori Man" in his quests. All foreigners remained as Infidels to the Maori man, and the return of old ancient War customs, including cannibalism and head-hunting were taught to be the right, and will of the Pai Marire faith. During the closing years of the Maori Wars the Christian Missions were again neutral and began in the late 1800s and early 1900s, supporting a more Social Democratic political stance, leaving old Imperial customs behind. As the Wars ended, so did too the campaigns of the Pai Marie Movement.
Also around 1863 the British Imperials started recruiting a type of "off-the-record militia" (The Forest Rangers) to carry out illegal operations because of the British losses in several major battles, and the King's army's reputation was attempted to be publicly saved, giving dogs-work to the unofficial combatant.
As reports were brought into Opposing Maori in Waikato and Kingite Maori regions that some Church alliances were to betray a Trust-pact, and bush-tact War by the Brits were to begin taking action, a new Maori movement inflamed. Inadvertently the British change-of-tact into extremism war tactics had created a dangerous Anti-Pakeha (Anti-European) hate movement.
Historian "According to several NZ historians the movement was a crazed version of gospel. It though was no crazier than any other religion teaching that men walk on water, or that Gods have reincarnated versions of themselves. Te Ua was hated and regardless of his reputation as a prophet or a false prophet (depends on who is writing the history), the fact is he and his small counsel of low funds started a formidable campaign that made political quakes in the Maori Wars"
The new Pai Marire Movement moved quickly through the Northern regions with one historian calling it a type of "Maori Religious Renaissance", creating a Maori faith to empower campaigns. The Maori faith converted western and eastern religious ideals using them to build on older Maori traditional theologies. The movements quickly became modern Maori Theology used in sermons and secret meetings.
Te Ua Horopapera Haumene One of the Founders of
The Pai-marire Religion
The Pai-marire Religion
Author: James Cowan, F.R.G.S. : "The angel Gabriel (ldquo;Kaperiererdquo; in the Maori version) appeared to him, and revealed to him a new religion which was to give the Maori dominion over all the hosts of the pakeha. Te Ua promulgated this miraculously revealed faith, and, although little regarded at first, he gradually drew around him a band of believers. There was not much of the ancient Maori religion in his system of incantations and spells. For the atua Maori of old there were substituted troops of angels, headed by Gabriel, and these supernatural visitants were to give the faithful the gift of tongues, and confer upon them many strange and wonderful powers. Te Ua's guiding spirit or supreme deity was the Atua Pai-marire, meaning ldquo;Good and peaceful God, a phase that came to be applied to the religion which he PAGE 6founded.
The term “Hauhau,” by which the disciples of the new faith came to be known, had its origin in the exclamation “Hau!” used at the end of the chorus chanted by the disciples. Literally it means “wind” but it has another and more esoteric significance, for it was the term applied to the life-principle of man, the vital spark. “Anahera hau,” or “wind angels,” one of the curious phrases originating with Te Ua, was a reference to the fancy that the angels came to the Maoris on the winds of heaven, and that they ascended and descended by the ropes which were left dangling from the yardarms of the sacred mast, called the Niu. “Hau,” “hauhau,” or “whakahau,” is also a battle-cry meaning “Strike! Attack!”
The term “Hauhau,” by which the disciples of the new faith came to be known, had its origin in the exclamation “Hau!” used at the end of the chorus chanted by the disciples. Literally it means “wind” but it has another and more esoteric significance, for it was the term applied to the life-principle of man, the vital spark. “Anahera hau,” or “wind angels,” one of the curious phrases originating with Te Ua, was a reference to the fancy that the angels came to the Maoris on the winds of heaven, and that they ascended and descended by the ropes which were left dangling from the yardarms of the sacred mast, called the Niu. “Hau,” “hauhau,” or “whakahau,” is also a battle-cry meaning “Strike! Attack!”
This niu was the central symbol of worship under Te Ua's dispensation. The term was the olden Maori word for the short sticks used by the tohunga in his mystic arts of divination, particularly before a battle. Te Ua's niu was a tall pole or flagmast, round which the faithful were to march in procession chanting their hymns. The first niu erected in Taranaki is said to have been part of one of the masts of the steamer “Lord Worsley,” wrecked near Cape Egmont in 1862. Crossed with a yard, rigged with stays and halliards, and adorned with flags of curious design, it was the first visible emblem of the fantastic religion. Te Ua stood at the foot leading the chants, while his band of believers went round him chanting the responses in the “angel”-inspired ritual. Each tribe as it fell convert to the magic of Pai-marire set up its Niu under the direction of Te Ua or his sub-priests.
By the end of 1865 a Niu stood in nearly every large village from Taranaki to the Bay of Plenty (excepting the Arawa country), and from the north of the Wellington district to the Waikato frontier.
Some of these masts of worship were of great size, and very decorative they were when the war-flags of many colours and many devices were displayed upon them from truck to yardarm, while below the earnest worshippers marched around the sacred pole. A remarkably lofty niu was that which stood at Whakamara, in the Ngati-Ruanui and Pakakohi country, inland from Patea; it was 70 feet or 80 feet in height, and was crossed with three yards; the blocks through which the flag-halliards were rove had been taken from a vessel wrecked on the coast."
The HauHau were mostly the far-right extreme of the Religion but the name became a common usage in describing the followers of the new faith, which was hoping to counter Christian, Protestant, and Catholic Peace-pacts that were made with all Maori high counsels. The HauHau began to hunt foreign political and business operations who founded their own Missionary posts and created mass mistrust, fowling up valued Maori Allied relations.By the end of 1865 a Niu stood in nearly every large village from Taranaki to the Bay of Plenty (excepting the Arawa country), and from the north of the Wellington district to the Waikato frontier.
Some of these masts of worship were of great size, and very decorative they were when the war-flags of many colours and many devices were displayed upon them from truck to yardarm, while below the earnest worshippers marched around the sacred pole. A remarkably lofty niu was that which stood at Whakamara, in the Ngati-Ruanui and Pakakohi country, inland from Patea; it was 70 feet or 80 feet in height, and was crossed with three yards; the blocks through which the flag-halliards were rove had been taken from a vessel wrecked on the coast."
The HauHau in 1864 were seen by Pakeha as the beginning of a Maori Purge, summoning up a type of Maori Inquisition within racially diverse settlements. In 1865 the HauHau still preached unlimited prosperity for Maori followers and the victory of "The Maori Man" in his quests. All foreigners remained as Infidels to the Maori man, and the return of old ancient War customs, including cannibalism and head-hunting were taught to be the right, and will of the Pai Marire faith. During the closing years of the Maori Wars the Christian Missions were again neutral and began in the late 1800s and early 1900s, supporting a more Social Democratic political stance, leaving old Imperial customs behind. As the Wars ended, so did too the campaigns of the Pai Marie Movement.
Posted in: A.P.I. A. Studies
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